Objective. To study the correlation between quantitative perfusion parameters and the diastolic function in patients with microvascular angina according to the single-photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc. Material and methods. The study included 17 patients, each of whom underwent selective coronary angiography (CAG) and ECG-synchronized C-SPECT/CT of myocardium with 99mTc-technetril at rest and in combination with exercise testing on bicycle ergometer (ergonometer Anaerobic Test). Verification of ischemia was performed using C-SPECT/CT with 99mTc-technetril at rest (r) and with ergonometer Anaerobic Test (s) according to a 2-day protocol. Quantitative perfusion indices (QPI) and DF were assessed by 17 segmental LV model: rExtent/sExtent, area of perfusion impairment (PI); SRS, SSS, severity of NP; rTPD/sTPD, total perfusion deficit; SDS, stress-induced (reversible) ischemia index; iTPD, ischemic perfusion deficit; PFR, peak LV volume filling rate; MFR/3, avg. LV filling rate in the first/3 of diastole; TTPF, time from the beginning of diastole to the peak LV filling level; PFR2, peak LV filling volume rate during the 2nd peak. Results. The present study revealed a diastolic dysfunction in patients with microvascular angina and increased diastolic filling disturbances during myocardial ischemia with exercise. When comparing the perfusion and diastolic function, a direct link between the prevalence and the intensity of perfusion dysfunction at rest and stress-induced ischemia and temporary parameters and inverse correlation - with speed parameters of diastole was revealed. Conclusion. Patients with microvascular angina show signs of left ventricular dysfunction. The conducted correlational analysis revealed the existence of interconnection between perfusion and diastolic function.

Objective. To study the state of arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH) in combination with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to determine the effect of Perindopril and Losartan therapy on these indices including after coronary stenting. Materials and Methods. The study involved 73 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), AH and CHD stage 2-3a. The comparison group consisted of 30 patients with CHD and AH without renal pathology. Patients with CKD were divided into 3 subgroups: the 1st - on conservative therapy with Perindopril 10 mg; the 2nd - with Losartan 100 mg daily; the 3rd - those who underwent coronary stenting and were treated with Perindopril 10 mg daily. Arterial stiffness, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), metabolites of nitric oxide were assessed initially and after 12 weeks of therapy. Results. The patients with CHD and hypertension had a more severe endothelial dysfunction (ED) and more significant arterial stiffness. There was a correlation between GFR and PWV levels (r = -0.75; p = 0.001), nitric oxide levels (r = 0.58; p<0.01), ET-1 (r = -0.72; p < 0.01). After 12 weeks of therapy, all three subgroups showed a statistically significant decrease in ET-1 and vascular wall stiffness. Conclusion. Patients with CHD and AH, CKD had more profound ED and the severity of arterial stiffness. The use of Perindopril and Losartan in complex therapy resulted in a glomerular filtration rate increase, was accompanied by a corrective effect on ED and decreased arterial stiffness, especially in patients undergoing coronary stenting.

The combined course of arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic syndrome (MS) leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, type 2 diabetes mellitus and overall mortality. Psychological factors play an important role in the emergence and development of hypertension and MS. Affective mental disorders and psychosocial stress can aggravate the course of this pathology, reducing the quality of life of patients. Purpose of the study. To study the effect of MS on the mental state and quality of life in patients with hypertension based on the results of psychodiagnostic testing. Materials and methods. 120 outpatients were examined. The 1st group (comparison) included 63 patients with AH, the 2nd (main) group included 57 patients with AH and MS. The following scales were used: psychosocial stress scale of L. Rieder et al., Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Abbreviated Multifactor Personality Questionnaire (SMOL), Quality of Life Scale (SF-36). Results. The frequency of psychosocial stress in AH with MS was 93%, and in AH it was 67% (p < 0.001). High stress was 2 times more common in AH patients with MS than in AH patients. Anxiety disorders were detected in 72%, and depressive disorders in 79% of AH patients with MS, which is much more common than in AH patients. Quality of life indicators on a number of scales of physical and mental components of health were lower in AH with MS than in AH. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a significant deterioration in mental health and quality of life in patients with hypertension on the background of MS.

Objective: to study the characteristics of heart rate variability in female Wistar rats under conditions of normal wakefulness, moderate physical activity and during recovery. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 48 female Wistar rats aged 5-6 months. Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded using Physiobelt 2.5.1 (Neurobotics, Russia). HRV analysis was performed using statistical, geometric, and spectral indicators. Physical activity was created using a two-minute treadmill run at a speed of 15 m/min at an angle of 15°. During the experiment we made 3 records of cardiosignal in each anumal: 1 - before the load, 2 - immediately after the load, 3 - after 15-minute rest. Results. Physical activity led to significant changes in a number of statistical and geometric indexes, but no differences in the spectral indexes of all the records were not found. In this regard, we performed cluster analysis on TP, HF, LF indexes of the record 1 that allowed us to form 2 groups: with low and high spectrum values (LSV and HSV). In each group, we observed significant changes in the values of HRV indexes between the records: in the group with LSV, physical activity led to a change in HR, RRNN, Mo, HF (ms2), LF (ms2, %), VLF (ms2, %), LF/HF, IC, in the group with HSV - HR, RRNN, Mo, Amo, IVR, PAPR, VLF (ms2), LF (%), IC. 15-minute recovery contributed to a further change in the value of HRV parameters. Conclusion. The results of the current study demonstrated that physical activity led to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, mobilization of neurohumoral regulation, as well as a change in the level of regulation of the cardiorhythm from peripheral to the central one. The analysis of HRV parameters in females with LSV and HSV allowed us to establish the features of neurohumoral regulation of the functional state of the organism in groups of animals initially different in spectral characteristics.

Vitamin D has a variety of effects on oral tissues and organs. Cholecalciferol is involved in the processes of formation of enamel and dentin, metabolism of jaw bone tissue, local immunity and antitumor reactions. The functional features of the vitamin D effects reveal the possibility of dental pathology prevention. Objective. To study the literature data on the effect of vitamin D on oral tissues and organs and the possibility of using vitamin D as a drug in the prevention of dental diseases. Materials and methods. The review and analysis of literary sources was carried out by keywords on the electronic resources of the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, RSCI databases. Russian and foreign sources were used. The literature review was conducted between August 2021 and March 2022. Results. Randomized studies prove that receptors for vitamin D (colecalciferol) are found on the surface of almost all cells, which explains the pleiotropic effect of vitamin D on the human body. Colecalciferol is involved in the formation of substitutive dentin in the foci of demineralization. The active metabolite of vitamin D has an antitumor effect on the oral tissues, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action in periodontal disease. Colecalciferol influences osseointegration during implantation, the processes of osteogenesis and osteolysis during orthodontic treatment. Conclusion. Vitamin D has effects on various tissues and organs of the oral cavity, which gives the possibility to include cholecalciferol in clinical guidelines for dental diseases prophylaxis.

Nowadays, each second patient seeking dental care suffers from some pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Most often patients are diagnosed with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome, which is poorly treatable and often relapses. Objective: to evaluate changes in the clinical course of TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome when using myogymnastics in the complex rehabilitation of patients suffering from this pathology. Materials and methods. We performed dynamic observation of 62 young patients who suffered from painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, revealed during the preparation of patients for dental prosthetics. Group 1 included 31 people who were treated with the conventional complex treatment to relieve painful dysfunction. Group 2 included 31 people, for the treatment of which the same standard complex of therapeutic and prophylactic measures with the additional application of masticatory muscles myogymnastics was applied. To objectivize the efficiency of using myogymnastics we used the method of severity degree evaluation as well as semi-quantitative method of efficiency evaluation of the treatment of the pathology in question. Results. It was found out that application of masticatory muscles myogymnastics in the complex treatment of painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint allows increasing the efficiency of dental rehabilitation of such patients by 6,9% and decreasing the number of patients with recurrence of the disease by 16,1% in the period up to 2 years. Conclusion. As a pathogenetic functional method of treatment of painful temporomandibular joint dysfunction, application of masticatory muscle myogymnastics to patients allowed to develop mutually consistent reflexes of the masticatory muscles, causing movements of the mouth opening (lowering the lower jaw) without its deviation and advancement. It is advisable to include the technique of masticatory muscle myogymnastics for painful TMJ dysfunction in the clinical guidelines.

Objective: to develop a method for verifying ceftriaxone and determining its concentration in blood serum by means of capillary electrophoresis. Materials and methods. The study used ceftriaxone sodium salt (CJSC Pharmaceutical Company "Lekko"), model mixtures of biological fluids (whole blood, serum and blood plasma) with different concentrations of ceftriaxone; clinical biological blood samples taken during breast surgery against the background of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The concentration of ceftriaxone was determined by using a Capel-105M capillary electrophoresis system (CJSC Lumex, St. Petersburg, Russia). Results. An express method has been developed for the determination of ceftriaxone in blood serum (sample volume - 0.1 ml), which involves the use of a precipitant of protein substances - crystalline ammonium sulfate, extraction of the organic system chloroform - isobutanol in a ratio of 3: 1, re-extraction of the substance into a working electrolyte diluted with water, and subsequent electrophoresis on the device "Capel-105M". Method validation indicates its linearity, correctness, precision and specificity; the lower limit of quantitation is 0.1 µg/0.1 ml biological medium. The effectiveness of the technique was confirmed in a clinical trial by determining the concentration of ceftriaxone in the blood serum 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 1 g of the drug for the purpose of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Conclusion. The method for the quantitative determination of ceftriaxone in blood serum, performed by using a capillary electrophoresis system (“Kapel-105M”), meets the established validation criteria. At the same time, the identification of the antibiotic is carried out under selective conditions and requires a minimum amount of the object, thereby reducing the amount of co-extractive substances in the samples, which, in combination with the method of stacking during electrophoresis, provides a high sensitivity of the technique. It can be recommended for analysis in clinical diagnostic laboratories.

A comparative study of the water-soluble polysaccharide complex and pectin substances of first and second year shoots of common raspberry. Objective - comparative study and sorption activity of polysaccharides of common raspberry shoots. Materials and methods. The samples for the research were collected in a dark coniferous forest on the territory of the Ilyinsky district of Perm Region. The content of polysaccharide fractions was determined by the modified Dreywood anthrone- sulfurous method. A water-soluble polysaccharide complex and pectin substances were sequentially obtained from different parts of the shoots. The sorption activity was determined by the ability of the substances to bind methylene blue, which is a marker for most medical sorbents. The acute toxicity of the obtained polysaccharide fractions was examined according to Prozorovsky V.V. Results. The shoots of the first and second year of common raspberry accumulate more pectin substances than water-soluble polysaccharides. Leaves of raspberry contain more polysaccharides compared to leafless parts. As a result of acute toxicity study, it was found that all studied substances can be classified as low-toxic (LD50>5,000 mg/kg). It was found that water-soluble polysaccharide complex obtained from leafless parts of the shoot of the first and second year shows sorption activity reliably higher than that of the reference preparation (Polyphepan). Sorption activity of pectin substances obtained from leaves of the first and second year shoots also exceeds that of the reference preparation. The highest sorption activity is shown by pectin substances of the second year, and the lowest sorption activity by pectin substances of leafless raspberry shoots. Conclusion. The obtained substances are promising for creating modern sorbents based on polysaccharide fractions of the first and second year shoots of common raspberry. Taking into account the simplicity in harvesting and high sorption activity of polysaccharides of the leafless part of the raspberry shoot, not only leaves but also leafless parts of the shoot should be harvested.

Objective. Organic solvents, which often have toxic and/or carcinogenic properties, are used at all stages of the production of pharmaceutical substances - synthesis, isolation and purification - and are not completely removed after the completion of the technological process. The presence of even extremely small amounts of such compounds in medicines can be dangerous for patients. The article presents the results of the development of a method for determining the content of residual organic solvents (ROS) - ethanol, toluene and dimethylformamide - in a new active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-carboxylic acid by gas chromatography. Materials and methods. Static vapor phase analysis was used to identify and to quantify residual organic solvents. It was determined by the internal standard method using a Shimadzu GC-2014ATF/SPL gas chromatograph with an AOC-6000Plus autosampler; PID detection. Isobutyl alcohol was used as an internal standard. Results. The developed method was used to determine the content of residual organic solvents in the validation series of the new pharmaceutical substance 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-carboxylic acid. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The developed method is suitable for further use in quality control in the production of 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-carboxylic acid.

Objective: to study the antioxidant and antiradical activity of extracts from the tuberous pea herb. Materials and methods. The study object was tuberous pea herb collected in Kursk region in 2020-2021 during the flowering period of plants. The antioxidant and antiradical activities of aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts from the herb of tuberous pea were investigated. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by titrimetric method based on the interaction of potassium permanganate and reducing substances contained in the extract from raw materials of tuberous pea herb. The antiradical activity was studied by spectrophotometric method according to the ability of extracts to inactivate 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. The content of phenolic compounds (direct spectrophotometry) in terms of chlorogenic acid and flavonoids (differential spectrophotometry) in terms of rutin was determined. The obtained data were processed by statistical analysis. Results. By the example of the use of different extractants: water and alcohol of different concentrations, we investigated their influence on the antioxidant and antiradical activity of tuberous pea herb. The analysis of the experimental data obtained showed that all the extracts studied have antioxidant and antiradical activity, with the maximum activity found in extracts obtained from the herb using 50% and 70% ethyl alcohol as an extractant. The maximum content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was also found in the mentioned extracts, which indicates a correlation between the antioxidant activity and the content of phenolic compounds. Conclusion. The results of the conducted experimental study allow us to conclude that the tuberous pea herb harvested in the flowering phase can be considered as a promising medicinal plant raw material of antioxidant orientation.