One of the main problems that impede dental rehabilitation with the use of dental implants is the limited amount of bone tissue in cases of its pronounced atrophy. According to a number of authors, about 50% of patients need additional osteoplastic operations before or at the stage of dental implantation. Objective. The aim of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of piezosurgical apparatus for splitting the alveolar crest of the jaw in the insertion of dental implants. Materials and methods. Forty adult patients (15 men and 25 women) aged 36 to 49 years who had undergone surgery for partial tooth loss on one and/or both jaws were evaluated. All in all, 48 implants were placed against the narrow alveolar crest of the jaws, which was surgically split using microsaws (Group 1- 11 patients), thin dental drills (Group 2 -15 patients) and piezosurgery apparatus (Group 3, 14 patients). The postoperative follow-up period was 4 to 6 months before the orthopaedic treatment. Results. During crestal splitting, the smallest bone reduction was obtained using piezosurgical technique, which was 0.84±0.22 mm, while with microsaws and dental drills, this figure was slightly higher, 0.93±0.21 mm (p≥0.05) and 1.23±019 mm (p≤0.05), respectively. One of the properties of a piezosurgical instrument is the effect on protein molecules, namely, their denaturation. This reduces the number of postoperative complications. Conclusion. The technique of alveolar crest splitting with a piezosurgical instrument works according to the absolutely natural and unique mechanism of bone healing - the mechanism of fracture repair. This technique uses the local bone resource and avoids or significantly reduces the use of foreign bone grafting materials. There is a tendency to a better rate of restoration of the lost width of the alveolar crest of the jaw when using the piezosurgical apparatus, in contrast to the use of microsaws and dental drills.

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in immunological parameters in children with atopic dermatitis when using hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, and intravenous laser irradiation of blood against the background of basic drug therapy. Materials and methods. The work was performed with the participation of 164 patients with moderate lichenoid and erythematous-squamous forms of atopic dermatitis aged 4 to 15 years with a frequency of exacerbations from 3 to 4 times a year with a tendency to increase their duration. The patients were divided into 5 groups: the first group received basic drug therapy (BDT), the second - hydrotherapy and BDT, the third - non-selective chromotherapy and BDT, the fourth - low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT, the fifth - hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT. The content of total IgE, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-α in the blood serum of patients was determined by enzyme immunoassay before treatment, as well as 1 and 3 months after its start. Results. Before the start of treatment, the values of all the studied indicators in comparison with healthy individuals were significantly increased (by 2.1-3.1 times). In patients of the first and second groups, the level of IgE and cytokines did not change significantly after 1 and 3 months from the start of treatment in comparison with the indicators before the start of treatment. In the third group, after 1 month from the start of treatment, the group experienced a significant (by 11-20%) decrease in IgE and cytokine levels, which persisted after 3 months of follow-up. In the fourth group, the decrease in the studied indicators after 1 month was even more significant and did not change significantly. The greatest decrease in indicators after 1 and 3 months was observed in the fifth group of patients (by 40-62%) who received basic drug therapy in combination with hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood. Conclusion. In children with moderate atopic dermatitis, drug-based basic treatment combined with non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood contributes to the effective correction of immunological reactivity for a long period of time.

Objective: to study arterial stiffness in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation, who have hypertension (AH) and stage 2-3A chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to assess the ability of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril and angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan to reduce arterial stiffness in these patients. Materials and Methods. We studied 44 patients with ACS without ST elevation combined with CKD stage 2-3A, AH (the 1st group). The comparison groups were the ACS without ST segment elevation, AH patients with normal renal function (the 2nd group, n=27) and the 3rd group (n=44) of patients with chronic CHD, AH and CKD. Group 1 patients were divided into 2 subgroups taking perindopril or losartan. The parameters of vascular wall stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), ankle brachial index (ABI), aortic augmentation index (AI), central systolic and pulse aortic pressure, peripheral blood pressure (BP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were assessed.) Results. The patients with ACS without ST elevation combined with 2-3A stages of CKD and AH had a significantly higher cPAP, AI, PWV, and CAVI than the patients of the 2nd group. During 3 months of complex therapy with perindopril, a decrease in PWV, cSAP, cPAP, AI was observed. There were no significant differences in the effects of perindopril and losartan on peripheral and central blood pressure, on renal function, on arterial stiffness parameters. Conclusion. Patients with AH and CKD stage 2-3A have more pronounced arterial stiffness compared to similar patients with normal GFR. Antihypertensive therapy with perindopril and losartan allows to reach target levels of peripheral BP, significantly reduce central aortic pressure and improve elastic properties of the arterial vascular wall.

Purpose of the study: to assess the dynamics of pain indicators and various characteristics of the quality of life in patients with back pain when using a one-course treatment complex with the use of Clodifen Neuro. Materials and methods. The study included men and women aged 44 to 52 years with complaints of lower back pain caused by exacerbation of chronic dorsalgia. The main group included 30 patients (14 men and 16 women). The control group consisted of 24 patients (12 men and 12 women). The groups were comparable in terms of the severity of symptoms and the length of the disease. All patients received muscle relaxants and gastroprotectors of the corresponding pharmacological groups, patients in the main group received Clodifen Neuro 1 capsule twice a day for 2 weeks, patients in the control group received diclofenac tablets (enteric form) 50 mg twice a day. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed using the VAS scale and the Oswestry questionnaire. Assessment of the condition of patients in both groups was carried out before the start of the study, after the end of treatment (after 14 days) and 2 months after the end of therapy. Results. The study of the effectiveness of the use of Clodifen Neuro showed that in patients with chronic back pain, the drug favored a decrease in pain syndrome, an increase in the mobility of the spine, and the functional potential of patients. Conclusion. Treatment with Clodifen Neuro for 14 days (1 capsule orally 2 times a day) as a part of complex therapy contributed to a steady reduction in pain in the study group of patients with chronic back pain. The analgesic effect persisted for 2 months after the end of therapy. Clodifen Neuro can be recommended as a polytropic agent in the complex therapy of chronic back pain.

Diabetic foot ulcers are a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DFU), which causes an increase in morbidity and mortality of the population, as well as a significant increase in health care costs. Objective of the study is to analyze the literature and present the main and additional methods of treating DFU used today. Materials and methods. The literature indexed in Web of Science, Medline, Cinahl, Embase, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, Web of knowledge, Google Scholar search system for the period from 2018 to 2022 was analyzed. Exclusion criteria: theses, abstracts, dissertations, reports. Results. The main and complementary approaches to the treatment of DFU, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, have been summarized and presented in this paper. Conclusion. Primary wound care (debridement), unloading of the affected area, bandaging, antibiotic therapy, blood glucose control and maintenance, and revascularisation interventions are among the main methods. In addition, oxygen therapy, growth factors, negative pressure therapy, physiotherapy and other treatments are used. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of one treatment or another, an integrated and multidirectional approach to the management of patients with DFU is necessary.

The objective of this work was to investigate in experiments on laboratory rats the possibility of reducing the cardiotoxicity of the anticancer drug Mitomycin C by mixing it with Mesogel before injection and using Mexicor® as a cardioprotective agent. Materials and methods. To carry out the study, 70 male Wistar rats were used. The body weight of laboratory animals at the beginning of the experimental study ranged from 180 to 220 grams. Intraperitoneal administration of Mitomycin C at a dose of 4 mg/kg once at the start of the study was used. When Mitomycin C was administered together with Mesogel, the drugs were combined under aseptic conditions before intraperitoneal administration, and Mesogel was administered at a volume of 10.7 ml/kg. The drug Mexicor® was administered in the form of intramuscular injections at a dose of 60 mg/kg per day for 14 days. Results. After intraperitoneal injection of the drug "Mitomycin C" at a dose of 4 mg / kg, a noticeable decrease in the contractility of the rat myocardium during exercise tests was observed only on the 14th day. The use of "Mitomycin C" mixed with "Mesogel" during intraperitoneal administration had a positive effect, but did not completely exclude the manifestation of the cardiotoxic effects of "Mitomycin C". The greatest efficiency was demonstrated in groups of animals that received "Mitomycin C" in a mixture with "Mesogel" together with the cytoprotective drug "Mexicor®". Conclusion. The combination of "Mitomycin C" immobilisation in "Mesogel" together with the cytoprotective drug "Mexicor®" was found to eliminate the cardiotoxic effects of "Mitomycin C" to the greatest extent.

Objective: to develop a technique for isolating and identifying rifabutin for chemical and toxicological analysis from biological material. Materials and methods. The substance rifabutin, capsules Farbutin containing rifabutin 150 mg, ethyl alcohol 95%, hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M, sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 M, purified water, ammonia solution 10%, solutions of ammonium sulfate 20%, ammonium sulfate saturated, sodium sulfate 5%, sodium sulfate saturated, sodium chloride 20%, sodium chloride saturated were used for analysis. Organic solvents: benzene, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate. The pH was determined using a universal ionometer It-1101. Isolation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction, detection and quantification by spectrophotometric method in the ultraviolet region. The optical density was measured using a SF-2000 spectrophotometer in cuvettes with a layer thickness of 1 cm. Results. In the course of the study, the optical properties of rifabutin, and absorption spectra characterized by two absorption bands at 231±2 nm and 279±2 nm were studied, ethyl alcohol 95% and hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M, concentration 0.002% as optimal solvents were determined. The effect of various factors on the extraction of rifabutin from aqueous solutions has been experimentally studied. The highest degree of extraction is achieved by dichloromethane at pH 2, in the presence of sodium chloride saturated solution, once for 3 minutes. Conclusion. Methods of isolation and quantitative determination of rifabutin by UV spectrophotometry in extracts from biological fluids and organs have been developed.

The genus Chrysaspis Desv. of Fabaceae family includes about 20 species distributed in Europe, Central Asia, Western Asia and Africa. There are four species growing in Russia, of which Chrysaspis aurea (Poll.) Greene (Trifolium aureum Pollich) is the most common. This species is widely used in traditional medicine of different countries as a general tonic, for pain syndrome (headaches), dizziness. However, the pharmacopoeia article for medicinal plant raw materials has not been approved. The possibility of using a new species in scientific medicine makes it necessary to study the morphological and anatomical structure of the Chrysaspis aurea. Objective: to conduct a macro-and microscopic study of the structure of the of Chrysaspis aurea leaves; to identify and characterize the signs that are of differential importance in the diagnosis of raw materials. Materials and methods. The study of morphological and anatomical features of Chrysaspis aurea leaves was carried out in accordance with the articles of the state Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation of the XIV edition. Fresh-picked, dried, and fixed raw materials were used for the study. Results. For the first time, macro- and microdiagnostic signs of Chrysaspis aurea leaves were described. Conclusion. For the first time macroscopic and microscopic features of Chrysaspis aurea leaves were identified and described, which can be used to determine the authenticity of raw materials, as well as to develop the sections «External signs» and «Microscopic signs» of modern regulatory documentation.