Muscular and strength deficiency in patients with osteoporotic compression vertebral fractures: osteoporosis as a risk factor for sarcopenia

Objective: to specify degree of back muscles strength deficiency in patients with osteoporosis (OP) and vertebral fractures (VF), to state associated risk factors and most informative diagnostic instruments. Materials and methods. Study comprised 60 people aged 65.43±7.12 with osteoporotic VF. The comparison group consisted of 30 people aged 61.97±5.22 without VF. The assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition was performed by dual-energy absorptiometry, the conditioned abilities were estimated by functional tests, and back muscles strength was measured with tension dynamometry. Results. Patients with VFs, unlike the comparison group, had a significant muscle strength deficiency in trunk flexors (TF) and extensors (TE) with an adequate function of the left lateral flexors (LLF) and right lateral flexors (RLF). Muscle strength negatively correlated with the number of VFs (p<0.001) and positively correlated with BMD strength of TE depended on bone mineral mass (p=0.03), strength of TF - on soft tissues mass (p=0.02), lean mass (p=0.01) and bone mineral mass (p=0.003), strength of LLF - on fat mass (p=0.03) and soft tissues mass (p=0.03). Conclusion. Osteoporotic VF are associated with a significant trunk muscles strength reduction, especially in TF and TE muscles, where non-physiological muscle strength distribution is found. In patients with osteoporotic VF, muscle mass is comparable to the group without VF, but lower values of sarcopenic index, fat mass and percentage are estimated. The strength of back muscles in patients with OP negatively correlates with number of VF, and positively correlates with fat mass, lean mass and BMD.

остеопороз, саркопения, переломы позвонков, мышечная сила, состав тела, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, vertebral fractures, muscular strength, body composition