Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of dental rehabilitation for total adentia

Objective: to evaluate the features of adaptation of patients to complete removable dentures, taking into account the correctness of determining the central ratio of the jaws during dental rehabilitation. Materials and methods. A dynamic follow-up was carried out on 32 elderly patients with complete loss of teeth with complete removable acrylic dentures made for the first time, which were divided into 2 groups: without defects in determin-ing the interalveolar distance (n=10) and with a decrease in the interalveolar distance by 2-6 mm (n=21). The patients were examined on the day of prosthetics and 30 days after the start of using the prostheses. During the examination a month after the start of using the prostheses, it was recommended to use a cream for fixing the prostheses of Aseptaparodontal, followed by a comprehensive examination after 10 days with the determination of chewing efficiency using a chewing test according to I.S. Rubinov, indicators of myotonometry of the chewing muscles themselves, as well as with the study of the syndrome of psychosensory-anatomical-functional maladaptation according to M.M. Soloviev. Results. It was found that during prosthetics of patients with complete loss of teeth with removable dentures, the in-teralveolar distance is correctly determined in 65.62% of cases. 31.25% of patients showed a decrease in the interalveolar dis-tance on new dentures by 2-6 mm, and in 3.13% of cases - “overbite”. The adaptation period was easier in patients with re-duced interalveolar distance on manufactured dentures, although they had somewhat worse grinding of the nut kernel used as a food irritant. Conclusion. The study reliably noted the optimization of the use of complete removable dentures when patients use a domestic cream for fixing dentures. The study also showed the importance of internal quality control of medical care, which should be carried out by the head of the orthopedic department or a senior orthopedic dentist due to errors in deter-mining central occlusion, which amount to more than 34%.

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