<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kurskvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Человек и его здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humans and their health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5746</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-5754</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kursk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21626/vestnik/2020-3/02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kurskvest-841</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Желудочно-кишечные кровотечения у больных в остром периоде инфаркта миокарда: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute myocardial infarction: literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-2082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отдельнов</surname><given-names>Леонид Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Otdelnov</surname><given-names>Leonid A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. Б.А. Королёва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor of the Department of Surgery named after B.A. Korolev</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leonotdelnov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-8900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>Алексей Станиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>Aleksey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой госпитальной хирургии им. Б.А. Королёва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DM, Professor, Head of the Department of Surgery named after B.A. Korolev</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.mukhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-6728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мастюкова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mastyukova</surname><given-names>Anastasya M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. Б.А. Королёва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident of the Department of Surgery named after B.A. Korolev</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mastyukowa.a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-3456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганова</surname><given-names>Юлия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyganova</surname><given-names>Yuliya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры факультетской и поликлинической терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Therapy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">syganova_777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Отдельнов Л.А., Мухин А.С., Мастюкова А.М., Цыганова Ю.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Отдельнов Л.А., Мухин А.С., Мастюкова А.М., Цыганова Ю.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Otdelnov L.A., Mukhin A.S., Mastyukova A.M., Tsyganova Y.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/841">https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/841</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время болезни системы кровообращения являются ведущей причиной смертности. Особую проблему современного многопрофильного стационара представляет сочетание острого коронарного синдрома (ОКС) с желудочно-кишечными кровотечениями (ЖКК), поскольку характеризуется синдромом взаимного отягощения и взаимно исключающими подходами к лечению. Развитие у больных с острым инфарктом миокарда ЖКК повышает летальность до 50-80%. Несмотря на практическую важность данной проблемы, на сегодняшний день не существует четких рекомендаций и единых принципов ведения пациентов с таким уникальным сценарием. В обзоре подробно описаны причины развития ЖКК у больных с ОКС, рассмотрены механизмы действия лекарственных препаратов, применяемых при ОКС и их значимость в развитии ЖКК. Выяснено, что частота ЖКК у пациентов, перенесших чрескожные коронарные вмешательства, доходит до 4%, а риск повторного кровотечения при этом удваивается. Рассмотрены варианты лечения ЖКК: показана роль эндоскопического и медикаментозного гемостаза, а также рентгенэндоваскулярной эмболизации артерий желудка как малоинвазивной альтернативы традиционному хирургическому вмешательству. Сформулированы показания для отмены двойной антиагрегантной терапии, основанные на объективной оценке тяжести кровотечения. Большое внимание уделено вопросу профилактики ЖКК у больных с ОКС. Рассмотрены факторы риска геморрагических осложнений, показана оценка риска возможного ЖКК с помощью шкалы BARC.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>желудочно-кишечное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы протонной помпы</kwd><kwd>тромболитическая терапия</kwd><kwd>эндогемостаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>gastrointestinal bleeding</kwd><kwd>proton pump inhibitors</kwd><kwd>thrombolytic therapy</kwd><kwd>endohemostasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кубачев К.Г., Качесов Э.Ю., Петропавловская О.А., Данилин О.С., Творогов Д.А. Малоинвазивные технологии лечения неварикозных пищеводно-кишечных кровотечений. Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова. 2018;177(2):25-29. DOI: 10.24884/0042-4625-2018-177-2-25-29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кубачев К.Г., Качесов Э.Ю., Петропавловская О.А., Данилин О.С., Творогов Д.А. Малоинвазивные технологии лечения неварикозных пищеводно-кишечных кровотечений. Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова. 2018;177(2):25-29. DOI: 10.24884/0042-4625-2018-177-2-25-29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маев И.В., Самсонов А.А., Годило-Годлевский В.А., Андреев Д.Н., Дичева Д.Т. Лекарственное взаимодействие ингибиторов протонной помпы и клопидогреля при их совместном приеме. Клиническая медицина. 2013;91(5):15-21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Маев И.В., Самсонов А.А., Годило-Годлевский В.А., Андреев Д.Н., Дичева Д.Т. Лекарственное взаимодействие ингибиторов протонной помпы и клопидогреля при их совместном приеме. Клиническая медицина. 2013;91(5):15-21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз Е.В., Каратеев А.Е., Крюков Е.В., Чернецов В.А. Желудочно-кишечные кровотечения при использовании новых пероральных антикоагулянтов: эпидемиология, факторы риска, лечение и профилактика. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2017;55(6):675-684. DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2017-675-684</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мороз Е.В., Каратеев А.Е., Крюков Е.В., Чернецов В.А. Желудочно-кишечные кровотечения при использовании новых пероральных антикоагулянтов: эпидемиология, факторы риска, лечение и профилактика. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2017;55(6):675-684. DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2017-675-684</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оробей Ю.А. Острые поражения слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки: лечение и профилактика. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2010;(11):72-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Оробей Ю.А. Острые поражения слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки: лечение и профилактика. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2010;(11):72-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пасечников В.Д., Пасечников Д.В., Гогуев Р.К. Рефрактерность к проводимой терапии гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни: определение, распространённость, причины, алгоритм диагностики и ведения больных. Клинические перспективы гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии. 2011;(2):27-36</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пасечников В.Д., Пасечников Д.В., Гогуев Р.К. Рефрактерность к проводимой терапии гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни: определение, распространённость, причины, алгоритм диагностики и ведения больных. Клинические перспективы гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии. 2011;(2):27-36</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полянцев А.А., Фролов Д.В., Линченко Д.В., Карпенко С.Н., Черноволенко А.А., Дьячкова Ю.А. Распространенность острых эрозивно-язвенных гастродуоденальных поражений у больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, принимающих антикоагулянты и антиагреганты. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2019;9(169):65-74. DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-169-9-65-74</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Полянцев А.А., Фролов Д.В., Линченко Д.В., Карпенко С.Н., Черноволенко А.А., Дьячкова Ю.А. Распространенность острых эрозивно-язвенных гастродуоденальных поражений у больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, принимающих антикоагулянты и антиагреганты. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2019;9(169):65-74. DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-169-9-65-74</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарева Е.А., Аметова Э.И. Обработка статистических данных инфаркта миокарда в Оренбурге. Молодой ученый. 2016;(4):292-295. URL: https://moluch.ru/archive/108/25712/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пономарева Е.А., Аметова Э.И. Обработка статистических данных инфаркта миокарда в Оренбурге. Молодой ученый. 2016;(4):292-295. URL: https://moluch.ru/archive/108/25712/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнова Л.Е. К проблеме коморбидности язвенно-эрозивных поражений гастродуоденальной зоны и артериальной гипертонии. Клиническая медицина. 2003;81(3):9-15</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнова Л.Е. К проблеме коморбидности язвенно-эрозивных поражений гастродуоденальной зоны и артериальной гипертонии. Клиническая медицина. 2003;81(3):9-15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Староверов И.И., Шахнович Р.М., Гиляров М.Ю., Комаров А.Л., Константинова Е.В., Панченко Е.П., Явелов И.С. Евразийские клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению острого коронарного синдрома с подъемом сегмента ST (ОКСпST). Евразийский кардиологический журнал. 2020;1(30):4-77.DOI: 10.38109/2225-1685-2020-1-4-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Староверов И.И., Шахнович Р.М., Гиляров М.Ю., Комаров А.Л., Константинова Е.В., Панченко Е.П., Явелов И.С. Евразийские клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению острого коронарного синдрома с подъемом сегмента ST (ОКСпST). Евразийский кардиологический журнал. 2020;1(30):4-77.DOI: 10.38109/2225-1685-2020-1-4-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тверитнева Л.Ф. К вопросу о причинах развитияи особенностях лечения эрозивно-язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечений у больных с неотложной кардиологической патологией (обзор литературы). Неотложная медицинская помощь. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского. 2014;(4):14-18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тверитнева Л.Ф. К вопросу о причинах развитияи особенностях лечения эрозивно-язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечений у больных с неотложной кардиологической патологией (обзор литературы). Неотложная медицинская помощь. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского. 2014;(4):14-18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шугаев А.И., Земляной В.П., Сухомлин А.К., Красавцева Л.В. Особенности диагностики и лечения язвенных кровотечений у больных пожилого и старческого возраста с острым коронарным синдромом. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2010;2(2):80-83</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шугаев А.И., Земляной В.П., Сухомлин А.К., Красавцева Л.В. Особенности диагностики и лечения язвенных кровотечений у больных пожилого и старческого возраста с острым коронарным синдромом. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2010;2(2):80-83</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdelaziz H.K., Saad M., Pothineni N.V.K., Megaly M., Potluri R., Saleh M., Kon D.L.C., Roberts D.H. et al. Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(23):2915-2929. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.501</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdelaziz H.K., Saad M., Pothineni N.V.K., Megaly M., Potluri R., Saleh M., Kon D.L.C., Roberts D.H. et al. Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(23):2915-2929. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.501</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmed M. Blood thinners and gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;8(17): 584-590. DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v8.i17.584</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmed M. Blood thinners and gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;8(17): 584-590. DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v8.i17.584</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson J.L., Adams C.D., Antman E.M., Bridges C.R., Califf R.M., Casey D.E. Jr., Chavey W.E. et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2011;123(18):e426-579. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318212bb8b.7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson J.L., Adams C.D., Antman E.M., Bridges C.R., Califf R.M., Casey D.E. Jr., Chavey W.E. et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2011;123(18):e426-579. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318212bb8b.7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barkun A.N., Almadi M., Kuipers E.J., Laine L., Sung J., Tse F., Leontiadis G.I. et al. Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Guideline Recommendations From the International Consensus Group. Ann Intern Med. 2019;171(11): 805-822. DOI: 10.7326/M19-1795</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barkun A.N., Almadi M., Kuipers E.J., Laine L., Sung J., Tse F., Leontiadis G.I. et al. Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Guideline Recommendations From the International Consensus Group. Ann Intern Med. 2019;171(11): 805-822. DOI: 10.7326/M19-1795</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilal M., Samuel R., Khalil M.K., Singh S., Parupdui S., Abougergi M.S. Nonvariceal upper GI hemorrhage after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: a national analysis over 11 months. Gastrointest Endosc. 2020;92(1):65-74.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2020.01.039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilal M., Samuel R., Khalil M.K., Singh S., Parupdui S., Abougergi M.S. Nonvariceal upper GI hemorrhage after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: a national analysis over 11 months. Gastrointest Endosc. 2020;92(1):65-74.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2020.01.039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan F.K.L., Goh K.L., Reddy N., Fujimoto K., Ho K.Y., Hokimoto S., Jeong Y.H., Kitazono T. et al. Management of patients on antithrombotic agents undergoing emergency and elective endoscopy: joint Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) and Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE) practice guidelines. Gut. 2018;67(3):405-417. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315131</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan F.K.L., Goh K.L., Reddy N., Fujimoto K., Ho K.Y., Hokimoto S., Jeong Y.H., Kitazono T. et al. Management of patients on antithrombotic agents undergoing emergency and elective endoscopy: joint Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) and Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE) practice guidelines. Gut. 2018;67(3):405-417. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315131</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chin M.W., Yong G., Bulsara M.K., Rankin J., Forbes G.M. Predictive and protective factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(11):2411-2416. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01460.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chin M.W., Yong G., Bulsara M.K., Rankin J., Forbes G.M. Predictive and protective factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(11):2411-2416. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01460.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Costa F., Van Klaveren D., Feres F., James S., Räber L., Pilgrim T., Hong M.K., Kim H.S. et al. Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration Based on Ischemic and Bleeding Risks After Coronary Stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(7):741-754. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.048</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Costa F., Van Klaveren D., Feres F., James S., Räber L., Pilgrim T., Hong M.K., Kim H.S. et al. Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration Based on Ischemic and Bleeding Risks After Coronary Stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(7):741-754. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.048</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ducrocq G., Puymirat E., Steg P.G., Henry P., Martelet M., Karam C., Schiele F., Simon T. et al. Blood transfusion, bleeding, anemia, and survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction: FAST-MI registry. Am Heart J. 2015;170(4):726-734.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.07.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ducrocq G., Puymirat E., Steg P.G., Henry P., Martelet M., Karam C., Schiele F., Simon T. et al. Blood transfusion, bleeding, anemia, and survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction: FAST-MI registry. Am Heart J. 2015;170(4):726-734.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.07.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao Z., Li Y., Sun Y., Yang J., Xiong H., Zhang H., Liu X., Wu W. et al. Motion tracking of the carotid artery wall from ultrasound image sequences: a nonlinear state-space approach. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2018;37:273-283. DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2017.2746879</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao Z., Li Y., Sun Y., Yang J., Xiong H., Zhang H., Liu X., Wu W. et al. Motion tracking of the carotid artery wall from ultrasound image sequences: a nonlinear state-space approach. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2018;37:273-283. DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2017.2746879</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giraldez R.R., Nicolau J.C., Corbalan R., Gurfinkel E.P., Juarez U., Lopez-Sendon J., Parkhomenko A., Molhoek P. et al. Enoxaparin is superior to unfractionated heparin in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing fibrinolysis regardless of the choice of lytic: an ExTRACT-TIMI 25 analysis. Eur Heart J. 2007;28(13):1566-1573. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm179</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giraldez R.R., Nicolau J.C., Corbalan R., Gurfinkel E.P., Juarez U., Lopez-Sendon J., Parkhomenko A., Molhoek P. et al. Enoxaparin is superior to unfractionated heparin in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing fibrinolysis regardless of the choice of lytic: an ExTRACT-TIMI 25 analysis. Eur Heart J. 2007;28(13):1566-1573. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm179</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grove E.L., Würtz M., Schwarz P., Jørgensen N.R., Vestergaard P. Gastrointestinal events with clopidogrel: a nationwide population-based cohort study. J Gen Intern Med. 2013;28(2):216-222. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-012-2208-0.2012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grove E.L., Würtz M., Schwarz P., Jørgensen N.R., Vestergaard P. Gastrointestinal events with clopidogrel: a nationwide population-based cohort study. J Gen Intern Med. 2013;28(2):216-222. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-012-2208-0.2012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang C.C., Chen Y.C., Leu H.B., Chen T.J., Lin S.J., Chan W.L., Chen J.W. Risk of adverse outcomes in Taiwan associated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors in patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2010;(12):1705-1709. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.01.348.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang C.C., Chen Y.C., Leu H.B., Chen T.J., Lin S.J., Chan W.L., Chen J.W. Risk of adverse outcomes in Taiwan associated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors in patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2010;(12):1705-1709. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.01.348.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibanez B., James S., Agewall S., Antunes M.J., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Bueno H., Caforio A.L.P., Crea F. et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal. 2017;39(2): 119-177. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibanez B., James S., Agewall S., Antunes M.J., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Bueno H., Caforio A.L.P., Crea F. et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal. 2017;39(2): 119-177. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwamoto J., Saito Y., Honda A., Matsuzaki Y. Clinical features of gastroduodenal injury associated with long-term low-dose aspirin therapy. World J. Gastroenterol. 2013;19(11):1673-1682. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i11.1673</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iwamoto J., Saito Y., Honda A., Matsuzaki Y. Clinical features of gastroduodenal injury associated with long-term low-dose aspirin therapy. World J. Gastroenterol. 2013;19(11):1673-1682. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i11.1673</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keeley E.C., Boura J.A., Grines C.L. Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic 3166 therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials. Lancet. 2003;361(9351):13-20. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12113-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keeley E.C., Boura J.A., Grines C.L. Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic 3166 therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials. Lancet. 2003;361(9351):13-20. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12113-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kikkert W.J., Hassell M.E., Delewi R., van der Laan M.H., Baan J.Jr., Vis M.M., Koch K.T., de Winter R.J. et al. Predictors and prognostic consequence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:128-134. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kikkert W.J., Hassell M.E., Delewi R., van der Laan M.H., Baan J.Jr., Vis M.M., Koch K.T., de Winter R.J. et al. Predictors and prognostic consequence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:128-134. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim K.R., Jun C.H., Cho K.M., Wi J.W., Park S.Y., Cho S.B., Lee W.S., Park C.H. et al. Can proton pump inhibitors reduce rebleeding following Histoacryl sclerotherapy for gastric variceal hemorrhage? Korean J Intern Med. 2015;30(5): 593-601. DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.5.593</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim K.R., Jun C.H., Cho K.M., Wi J.W., Park S.Y., Cho S.B., Lee W.S., Park C.H. et al. Can proton pump inhibitors reduce rebleeding following Histoacryl sclerotherapy for gastric variceal hemorrhage? Korean J Intern Med. 2015;30(5): 593-601. DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.5.593</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kupó P., Szakács Z., Solymár M., Habon T., Czopf L., Hategan L., Csányi B., Borbás J. et al. Direct Anticoagulants and Risk of Myocardial Infarction, a Multiple Treatment Network Meta-Analysis. Angiology. 2020;71(1):27-37. DOI: 10.1177/0003319719874255.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kupó P., Szakács Z., Solymár M., Habon T., Czopf L., Hategan L., Csányi B., Borbás J. et al. Direct Anticoagulants and Risk of Myocardial Infarction, a Multiple Treatment Network Meta-Analysis. Angiology. 2020;71(1):27-37. DOI: 10.1177/0003319719874255.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwok C.S., Sirker A., Farmer A.D., Kontopantelis E., Potts J., Ayyaz U.l. Haq M., Ludman P. et al. In-hospital gastrointestinal bleeding following percutaneous coronary intervention.; British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2020;95(1):109-117. DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28222</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwok C.S., Sirker A., Farmer A.D., Kontopantelis E., Potts J., Ayyaz U.l. Haq M., Ludman P. et al. In-hospital gastrointestinal bleeding following percutaneous coronary intervention.; British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2020;95(1):109-117. DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28222</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laine L., McQuaid K.R. Endoscopic therapy for bleeding ulcers: an evidence-based approach based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7(1):33-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.08.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laine L., McQuaid K.R. Endoscopic therapy for bleeding ulcers: an evidence-based approach based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7(1):33-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.08.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levine G.N., Bates E.R., Bittl J.A., Brindis R.G., Fihn S.D., Fleisher L.A., Granger C.B. Lange R.A. et al. 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/ SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 2014 AHA/ ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Circulation. 6;134(10):e123-155. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000404</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levine G.N., Bates E.R., Bittl J.A., Brindis R.G., Fihn S.D., Fleisher L.A., Granger C.B. Lange R.A. et al. 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/ SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 2014 AHA/ ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Circulation. 6;134(10):e123-155. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000404</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lingjie H., Zhang J., Zhang S. Risk factors of in-hospital mortality among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and acute myocardial infarction. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(3):177-182. DOI: 10.4103/sjg.SJG_492_17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lingjie H., Zhang J., Zhang S. Risk factors of in-hospital mortality among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and acute myocardial infarction. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(3):177-182. DOI: 10.4103/sjg.SJG_492_17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu L.P., Wang Y., Si R., Yuan M., Cheng K., Guo W.Y. Esomeprazole and rabeprazole did not reduce antiplatelet effects of aspirin/clopidogrel dual therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective, randomized, case-control study. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2016;17(1):7-16. DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2016.1110145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu L.P., Wang Y., Si R., Yuan M., Cheng K., Guo W.Y. Esomeprazole and rabeprazole did not reduce antiplatelet effects of aspirin/clopidogrel dual therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective, randomized, case-control study. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2016;17(1):7-16. DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2016.1110145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macaione F., Montaina C., Evola S., Novo G., Novo S. Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy with proton pump inhibitors on the outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation. ISRN Cardiol. 2012;2012:692-761. DOI: 10.5402/2012/692761</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macaione F., Montaina C., Evola S., Novo G., Novo S. Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy with proton pump inhibitors on the outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation. ISRN Cardiol. 2012;2012:692-761. DOI: 10.5402/2012/692761</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mehran R., Baber U., Steg P.G., Ariti C., Weisz G., Witzenbichler B., Henry T.D., Kini A.S. et al. Cessation of dual antiplatelet treatment and cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PARIS): 2 year results from a prospective observational study. Lancet. 2013;382(9906):1714-1722. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61720-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mehran R., Baber U., Steg P.G., Ariti C., Weisz G., Witzenbichler B., Henry T.D., Kini A.S. et al. Cessation of dual antiplatelet treatment and cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PARIS): 2 year results from a prospective observational study. Lancet. 2013;382(9906):1714-1722. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61720-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ohman E.M., Roe M.T., Steg P.G., James S.K., Povsic T.J., White J., Rockhold F., Plotnikov A. et al. Clinically significant bleeding with low-dose rivaroxaban versus aspirin, in addition to P2Y12 inhibition, in acute coronary syndromes (GEMINI-ACS-1): a double-blind, multicentre, randomized trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10081):1799-1808. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30751-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ohman E.M., Roe M.T., Steg P.G., James S.K., Povsic T.J., White J., Rockhold F., Plotnikov A. et al. Clinically significant bleeding with low-dose rivaroxaban versus aspirin, in addition to P2Y12 inhibition, in acute coronary syndromes (GEMINI-ACS-1): a double-blind, multicentre, randomized trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10081):1799-1808. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30751-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pioppo L., Bhurwal A., Reja D., Tawadros A., Mutneja H., Goel A., Patel A. Incidence of Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Worsens Outcomes with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Result of a National Cohort. Dig Dis Sci. 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06266-7. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10620020-06266-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pioppo L., Bhurwal A., Reja D., Tawadros A., Mutneja H., Goel A., Patel A. Incidence of Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Worsens Outcomes with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Result of a National Cohort. Dig Dis Sci. 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06266-7. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10620020-06266-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sehested T.S.G., Carlson N., Hansen P.W., Gerds T.A., Charlot M.G., Torp-Pedersen C., Køber L., Gislason G.H. et al. Reduced Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated With Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy in Patients Treated With Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Myocardial Infarction. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:1963-1970. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sehested T.S.G., Carlson N., Hansen P.W., Gerds T.A., Charlot M.G., Torp-Pedersen C., Køber L., Gislason G.H. et al. Reduced Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated With Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy in Patients Treated With Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Myocardial Infarction. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:1963-1970. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song X.T., Lü S.Z., Chen Y.D., Yuan F., Lin Y., Tian R., Chen X., Jin Z.N. et al. Incidence of in-hospital upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage post percutaneous coronary interventions in the drug eluting stent era: a single center experience. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 2007;35(4):308-311 (in Chin.). DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song X.T., Lü S.Z., Chen Y.D., Yuan F., Lin Y., Tian R., Chen X., Jin Z.N. et al. Incidence of in-hospital upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage post percutaneous coronary interventions in the drug eluting stent era: a single center experience. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 2007;35(4):308-311 (in Chin.). DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sørensen H.T., Mellemkjaer L., Blot W.J., Nielsen G.L., Steffensen F.H., McLaughlin J.K., Olsen J.H. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with use of low-dose aspirin. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95(9):2218-2224. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.02248.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sørensen H.T., Mellemkjaer L., Blot W.J., Nielsen G.L., Steffensen F.H., McLaughlin J.K., Olsen J.H. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with use of low-dose aspirin. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95(9):2218-2224. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.02248.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steg P.G., James S., Harrington R.A., Ardissino D., Becker R.C., Cannon C.P., Emanuelsson H., Finkelstein A. et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with ST elevation acute coronary syndromes intended for reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial subgroup 3394 analysis. Circulation. 2010;122(21):2131-2141. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927582</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steg P.G., James S., Harrington R.A., Ardissino D., Becker R.C., Cannon C.P., Emanuelsson H., Finkelstein A. et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with ST elevation acute coronary syndromes intended for reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial subgroup 3394 analysis. Circulation. 2010;122(21):2131-2141. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927582</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stockl K.M. Risk of rehospitalization for patients using clopidogrel with a proton pump inhibitor. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(8):704-710. DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.34</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stockl K.M. Risk of rehospitalization for patients using clopidogrel with a proton pump inhibitor. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(8):704-710. DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.34</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tong M.S., Sung P.H., Liu C.F., Chen K.H., Chung S.Y., Chua S., Chen C.J., Lee W.C. et al. Impact of Double Loading Regimen of Clopidogrel on Final Angiographic Results, Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with STEMI Undergoing Primary Coronary Intervention. Int Heart J. 2017;58(5):686-694. DOI: 10.1536/ihj.16-325.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tong M.S., Sung P.H., Liu C.F., Chen K.H., Chung S.Y., Chua S., Chen C.J., Lee W.C. et al. Impact of Double Loading Regimen of Clopidogrel on Final Angiographic Results, Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with STEMI Undergoing Primary Coronary Intervention. Int Heart J. 2017;58(5):686-694. DOI: 10.1536/ihj.16-325.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang L., Pei D., Ouyang Y., Nie X. Meta-analysis of Risk and Protective Factors for Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/ International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2018;25(1):e12707. DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12707</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang L., Pei D., Ouyang Y., Nie X. Meta-analysis of Risk and Protective Factors for Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/ International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2018;25(1):e12707. DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12707</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y., Ye Z., Ge L., Wang X., Wang Y., Hou L., Ma Z., Agoritsas T. et al. Efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis in critically ill patients: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;(368):I6744. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6744</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y., Ye Z., Ge L., Wang X., Wang Y., Hou L., Ma Z., Agoritsas T. et al. Efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis in critically ill patients: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;(368):I6744. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6744</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weisz G., Smilowitz N.R., Kirtane A.J., Rinaldi M.J., Parvataneni R., Xu K., Stuckey T.D., Maehara A. et al. Proton Pump Inhibitors, Platelet Reactivity, and Cardiovascular Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stents in Clopidogrel-Treated Patients: The ADAPT-DES Study. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8(10):e001952.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weisz G., Smilowitz N.R., Kirtane A.J., Rinaldi M.J., Parvataneni R., Xu K., Stuckey T.D., Maehara A. et al. Proton Pump Inhibitors, Platelet Reactivity, and Cardiovascular Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stents in Clopidogrel-Treated Patients: The ADAPT-DES Study. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8(10):e001952.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whittemore J.C., Mooney A.P., Price J.M., Thomason J.J. Vet Intern Clinical, clinicopathologic, and gastrointestinal changes from administration of clopidogrel, prednisone, or combination in healthy dogs: A double-blind randomized trial. Med. 2019;33(6):2618-2627. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15630</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whittemore J.C., Mooney A.P., Price J.M., Thomason J.J. Vet Intern Clinical, clinicopathologic, and gastrointestinal changes from administration of clopidogrel, prednisone, or combination in healthy dogs: A double-blind randomized trial. Med. 2019;33(6):2618-2627. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15630</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
