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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kurskvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Человек и его здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humans and their health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5746</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-5754</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kursk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21626/vestnik/2020-1/09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kurskvest-814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поиск новых антимикотических средств: основные тенденции и проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Search for new antimycotic agents: main trends and problems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-4421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Валентина Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Valentina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. фарм. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой микробиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Medical Science, Аssociate Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvnperm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермская государственная фармацевтическая академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новикова В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новикова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikova V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/814">https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/814</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема лечения микотических инфекций в настоящее время по-прежнему остается актуальной. Этиотропная терапия является обязательным компонентом фармакотерапии микозов. Общим критерием эффективности применения антимикотиков является исчезновение клинических и инструментальных признаков инфекции, а также эрадикация возбудителя из очагов поражения. Целью данного обзора является анализ основных направлений поиска соединений (групп соединений), обладающих противогрибковой активностью, предполагаемых для использования в практическом здравоохранении, и наиболее важных проблем, возникающих при данных исследованиях. К основным трудностям, возникающим в ходе исследований данного рода, можно отнести высокую экономическую стоимость таких проектов: при существенных финансовых вложениях возможно ограничение обращения этих препаратов вследствие введения их в резерв, а также распространение резистентных штаммов на фоне короткого срока действия патентной защиты. В статье представлена наиболее часто используемая классификация противогрибковых средств и их основной механизм действия. Выделены основные стратегии по разработке новых антифунгальных средств: перепрофилирование существующих препаратов, которые ранее использовались с иной целью; модификация существующих противогрибковых препаратов для повышения эффективности и уменьшения токсичности; создание новых противогрибковых молекул путем химического синтеза либо выявление агентов природного происхождения, губительно влияющих на грибковую микробиоту. В обзоре представлены данные о соединениях различного происхождения, проявляющих антимикотическую активность, полученных и описанных в последние десятилетия; дана характеристика механизма и спектра их действия. К веществам с традиционным механизмом действия, связанным с воздействием на клеточную стенку грибов (влияние на систему эргостерола, нарушение синтеза 1,3-b-D-глюкана), присоединяются молекулы, блокирующие обмен сфинголипидов грибковой клетки, нарушающие синтез хитина, белковый обмен и др.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of treatment of mycotic infections today is still relevant. Etiotropic therapy is an essential component of the pharmacotherapy of mycoses. A general criterion for the effectiveness of the use of antimycotics is the disappearance of clinical and instrumental signs of infection, as well as the eradication of the pathogen from the lesion. The purpose of this review is to analyze the main directions of searching for new compounds (groups of compounds) with antifungal activity for practical medicine, and the most important problems arising from these studies. The main difficulties arising from these studies is the high economic cost of such projects: significant financial investments are accompanied by a possible limitation of the circulation of these drugs due to their introduction into the reserve, as well as the spread of resistant strains against the background of the short duration of patent protection. The article presents the most commonly used classification of antifungal agents and their main mechanism of action. The main strategies for the development of new antifungal agents are highlighted: reprofiling the existing drugs that were previously used for a different purpose; modification of the existing antifungal drugs to increase effectiveness and reduce toxicity; the creation of new antifungal molecules by chemical synthesis or the identification of agents of natural origin that have a detrimental effect on fungal microbiota. The review presents data on compounds of various origins exhibiting antimycotic activity, obtained and described in recent decades. The characteristic of the mechanism and the spectrum of their action is given. Substances with a traditional mechanism of action associated with the influence on the cell wall of fungi (effect on the ergosterol system, impaired synthesis of 1,3-b-D-glucan) join the molecules that block the exchange of sphingolipids of the fungal cell, disrupting the synthesis of chitin, protein metabolism, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грибковые клетки</kwd><kwd>микозы</kwd><kwd>антимикотики</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>направления поиска противогрибковых средств</kwd><kwd>фармацевтическая химия.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fungal cells</kwd><kwd>mycoses</kwd><kwd>antimycotics</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>directions for the search for antifungal agents</kwd><kwd>pharmaceutical chemistry.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурова С.А. 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