kurskvestЧеловек и его здоровьеHumans and their health1998-57461998-5754Kursk State Medical University10.21626/vestnik/2017-3/15kurskvest-252Research ArticleМЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИMEDICOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCESГигантские клетки инородных тел и тканевые реакции на поверхности имплантатовGiant foreign body cells and tissue reactions on the surface of implantsДолжиковА. А.DolzhikovA. A.noemail@neicon.ruКолпаковА. Я.KolpakovA. Ya.noemail@neicon.ruЯрошА. Л.YaroshA. L.noemail@neicon.ruМолчановаА. С.MolchanovaA. S.noemail@neicon.ruДолжиковаИ. Н.DolzhikovaI. N.noemail@neicon.ruБелгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университетРоссияBelgorod State National Research UniversityRussian Federation201715122017038694Copyright © Должиков А.А., Колпаков А.Я., Ярош А.Л., Молчанова А.С., Должикова И.Н., 20172017Должиков А.А., Колпаков А.Я., Ярош А.Л., Молчанова А.С., Должикова И.Н.Dolzhikov A.A., Kolpakov A.Y., Yarosh A.L., Molchanova A.S., Dolzhikova I.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/252

В обзоре представлен анализ литературных данных по проблеме реакции тканей на имплантаты с различными свойствами. Основная часть посвящена морфологическим и функциональным характеристикам гигантских клеток инородных тел (ГКИТ), механизмам и регулирующим факторам их образования. Данные литературы свидетельствуют, что на границе «ткани - поверхность имплантата» с участием плазменных и тканевых белков формируется особая среда, которая определяет процессы клеточной адгезии, взаимодействия, выживание слияния. Выживание клеток на поверхности имплантата зависит от ее собственных адгезивных свойств или сорбированных плазменных белков. Процесс слияния макрофагов с образованием ГКИТ происходит с участием молекул из семейства интегринов, сопровождается модификациями цитоскелета с образованием специализированных органелл - подосом, регулируется широким спектром цитокинов лимфоцитарного и аутологичного происхождения. Описаны отдельные феномены тканевых и клеточных реакций, такие как эффект Вромана и особый тип апоптоза - аноикис. Морфологическими критериями оценки гигантоклеточной реакции на светомикроскопическом уровне являются количество ГКИТ, их форма и размеры, количество и расположение ядер, может быть использован фузио-амитотичесий индекс.

The rewiev presents analysis of the literature data concerning the problem of tissue reactions on implantats with different properties. The main part contains the data about morphological and functional characteristics of foreign body giant cells (FBGC), mechanisms and regulatory factors of their formation. The published data show that on the border tissues - surface of implantats the unique medium is formed with participation and interactions of plasma and tissue proteins. The survival of cells on the surface of biomaterials depends on adhesive features of implanted material and absorbed proteins. The fusion of macrophages with the formation of GFBC occurs due to mоlecules of integrins family, and is followed by cytoskeleton modifications with the formation of specialized organelles - podosomes, is regulated by wide spectrum of cytokins (ILs, TNF and other) of lymphocytic and autologous origin. Lightmicroscopic criteria of GFBC evaluation are following: the number of cells, their size, shape, the number and location of nuclei, fuso-amitotic index(a ratio between the number of cells with signs of fusion and cells with amitotic morphology).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.