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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kurskvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Человек и его здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humans and their health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5746</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-5754</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kursk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">UWLIGB</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kurskvest-1498</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск-ориентированный подход к оценке содержания элементов с неустановленным значением предельно допустимого суточного воздействия в препаратах биологического происхождения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk-based approach to assessing the content of elements with undefined permitted daily exposure in biological origin drugs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9440-0950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щукин</surname><given-names>Виктор Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukin</surname><given-names>Viktor M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. фарм. наук, гл. эксперт, НЦЭСМП, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Pharm.), chief expert, SCEEMP, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">schukin@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-0835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Наталия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuz'mina</surname><given-names>Natalia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р хим. наук, нач. лаборатории спектральных методов анализа, НЦЭСМП, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Head of the Laboratory of Spectral Analysis Methods, SCEEMP, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzminan@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-4740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорольская</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khorolskaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>эксперт 2 категории, НЦЭСМП, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>expert 2nd category, SCEEMP, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blinkovaea@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-9081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигилей</surname><given-names>Евгения Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhigilej</surname><given-names>Evgenia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>эксперт 1 категории, НЦЭСМП, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>expert 1st category, SCEEMP, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lismanes@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения (НЦЭСМП)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products (SCEEMP)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щукин В.М., Кузьмина Н.Е., Хорольская Е.А., Жигилей Е.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щукин В.М., Кузьмина Н.Е., Хорольская Е.А., Жигилей Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchukin V.M., Kuz'mina N.E., Khorolskaya E.A., Zhigilej E.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1498">https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1498</self-uri><abstract><p>При оценке риска элементных примесей, для которых не установлено предельно допустимое суточное воздействие (PDE), но которые присутствуют в лекарственном препарате, необходимо руководствоваться требованиями относительно их допустимого содержания, указанными в соответствующих нормативных документах. Ряд элементов с неустановленным значением PDE характеризуется референтными дозами воздействия (RfD), превышение которых связывают с неканцерогенным риском.</p><p>Цель - на основе обобщения требований нормативных документов производителей препаратов альбумина человека, факторов свертывания крови и инсулина к допустимому содержанию элементов с неустановленными значениями PDE оценить неканцерогенные риски их негативного воздействия на организм человека.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объекты исследования - нормативная документация производителей альбумина человека, факторов свертываемости крови и инсулина, материалы национальных и региональных фармакопей, государственный реестр лекарственных средств. В работе использован информационно-аналитический метод исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведен анализ и обобщение требований нормативной документации производителей относительно допустимого содержания элементов с неустановленными значениями PDE (K, Na, Al для альбуминов; Ca, Na, Al - для препаратов факторов свертывания крови человека; Zn - для инсулинов) и соответствующих методов их определения. Для Al и Zn проведена оценка неканцерогенных рисков их негативного воздействия.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что воздействие Al и Zn на здоровье человека при потреблении максимальных терапевтических доз указанных лекарственных препаратов характеризуется как допустимое и не создает риска развития неканцерогенных эффектов. Использование фармакопейного метода определения Al в альбуминах ведет к риску получения ложно-отрицательных результатов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>When evaluating the risk of elemental impurities for which no permitted daily exposure (PDE) has been established, but which are present in a medicinal product, it is necessary to comply with requirements regarding the permitted content of such elements as specified in the relevant regulatory documents. The elements with undefined PDE are characterized by reference exposure doses (RfD), exceeding which is associated with a non-carcinogenic risk.</p><p>Objective - based on a generalization of requirements from regulatory documents of manufacturers of human albumin, blood clotting factors and insulin, to permissible content of elements with undefined PDE, assess the non-carcinogenic risks of their negative effects on the human body.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study is the regulatory documentation of manufacturers of human albumin, blood clotting factors and insulin, materials from national and regional pharmacopoeias, the State Register of Medicines. The work used an information-analytical research method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An analysis and generalization of the requirements of regulatory documentation from manufacturers regarding the permissible content of elements with undefined PDE (K, Na, Al for albumins; Ca, Na, Al - for human blood clotting factors; Zn - for insulins) and corresponding methods for their determination was conducted. An assessment of non-carcinogenic risks of adverse effects was carried out for Al and Zn.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It was established that the impact of Al and Zn on human health when consuming maximum therapeutic doses of these drugs is characterized as acceptable and does not pose a risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects. The use of a pharmacopoeial method for determination of Al in albumin leads to the risk of obtaining false negative results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>альбумин человека</kwd><kwd>факторы свертывания крови человека</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd><kwd>риск-ориентированный подход</kwd><kwd>элементная примесь</kwd><kwd>неканцерогенный риск</kwd><kwd>коэффициент опасности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human albumin</kwd><kwd>human coagulation factors</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd><kwd>elemental impurity</kwd><kwd>risk-based approach</kwd><kwd>non-carcinogenic risk</kwd><kwd>hazard coefficient</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Q3D(R2) Guideline for Elemental Impurities.International council for harmonisation of technical requirements for pharmaceuticals for human use, 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Q3D(R2) Guideline for Elemental Impurities.International council for harmonisation of technical requirements for pharmaceuticals for human use, 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фармакопея Евразийского экономического союза. 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