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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kurskvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Человек и его здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humans and their health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5746</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-5754</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kursk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">XNXJTT</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kurskvest-1495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности строения венечного синуса сердца плода человека: пилотное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural features of the coronary sinus in human fetal heart: a pilot study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9089-2638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подтишкина</surname><given-names>Виктория Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podtishkina</surname><given-names>Victoria Iu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры анатомии человека, УГМУ, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Human Anatomy, USMU, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-3481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Евгения Германовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Evgeniya G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ст. преподаватель кафедры топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии, УГМУ, г. Екатеринбург; ст. преподаватель кафедры медицинской биохимии и биофизики, УрФУ, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Lecturer at the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, USMU, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Senior Lecturer at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, UrFU, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-2895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимов</surname><given-names>Андрей Аркадьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iakimov</surname><given-names>Andrei A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, институт хирургии, УГМУ, г. Екатеринбург; доцент кафедры медицинской биохимии и биофизики, УрФУ, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Institute of Surgery, USMU, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Associate Professor, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, UrFU, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ayakimov07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет (УГМУ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University (USMU)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет (УГМУ);&#13;
Уральский Федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (УрФУ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University (USMU);&#13;
Ural Federal University (UrFU)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Подтишкина В.Ю., Дмитриева Е.Г., Якимов А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подтишкина В.Ю., Дмитриева Е.Г., Якимов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podtishkina V.I., Dmitrieva E.G., Iakimov A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1495">https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1495</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель - дать анатомическую характеристику венечного синуса (ВС) сердца плода человека.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовали 43 препарата сердца. При помощи стереомикроскопа Olympus SZX2-ZB10 при увеличении 4,725-45 измеряли размеры ВС, изучали его заслонку, рельеф интимы. Микроскопическую анатомию стенок ВС изучали на гистологических препаратах, окрашенных гематоксилином и эозином, по Массону, ван Гизону, а также при помощи сканирующей электронной микроскопии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ВС начинался на середине расстояния между левой легочной поверхностью и «крестом» сердца. Длина ВС увеличивалась с 6,26 мм (16-22 недели) до 12,63 мм (23-36 недель), коррелируя с длиной желудочкового комплекса (Rs=0,88; p&lt;0,05). Ширина ВС была вариабельна в разных участках ВС, в 70% случаев ширина возрастала по направлению кровотока, достигая у «креста» сердца 1,84 мм (16-22 недели) и 2,62 мм (23-36 недели). В месте перехода большой вены сердца в ВС всегда имелся устьевой клапан, представленный заслонкой и/или валиком в ее основании. В устье ВС в 19 случаях из 20 выявлена заслонка. Число притоков ВС составило от 2 до 6 (ме- диана - 4), включая 2-3 нижние вены левого желудочка, 1-2 задние вены левого предсердия. Крупнейший приток - средняя вена сердца - всегда была одиночной. ВС располагался в миокардиальной «муфте», определявшей толщину его стенок и, как правило, имевшей два слоя: продольный и циркулярный. В ряде случаев выявлены складки интимы ВС, сонаправленные с кровотоком.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анатомия ВС сердца плода человека имеет как типичные, инвариантные характеристики, так и специфические признаки, которые проявлялись разным соотношением размеров ВС, особенностями микроанатомии клапанов и гистотопографией стенок ВС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective - to provide anatomical features of the coronary sinus (CS) in the human fetal heart.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We examined 43 heart specimens using an Olympus SZX2-ZB10 stereomicroscope (magnification 4.725-45) to measure CS dimensions, analyze its valve, and assess intimal surface morphology. We studied the microscopic anatomy of the CS walls using hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, van Gieson staining, and scanning electron microscopy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The CS originated at the midpoint between the left pulmonary surface and the cardiac "crux". Its length increased from 6.26 mm (16-22 weeks) to 12.63 mm (23-36 weeks), showing a strong correlation with ventricular complex length (Rs=0.88; p&lt;0.05). In 70% of cases, we observed that CS width expanded along the blood flow direction, reaching 1.84 mm (16-22 weeks) and 2.62 mm (23-36 weeks) near the "crux". At the transition from the great cardiac vein to the CS, we consistently identified an ostial valve, formed by a fold and/or ridge. We detected a valve at the CS orifice in 19 out of 20 specimens. The CS received 2 to 6 tributaries (median: 4), including 2-3 inferior left ventricular veins and 1-2 posterior left atrial veins. The middle cardiac vein, the largest tributary, appeared as a single vessel in all cases. A myocardial "sleeve" surrounded the CS, defining its wall thickness and typically displaying two muscle layers: longitudinal and circular. Some specimens showed intimal folds aligned with blood flow.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study showed that the human fetal coronary sinus exhibits both consistent anatomical features and individual variations in size, valve structure, and wall histotopography.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>развитие плода человека</kwd><kwd>анатомия сердца</kwd><kwd>сосуды сердца</kwd><kwd>вены сердца</kwd><kwd>венечный синус сердца</kwd><kwd>миокард</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fetal development</kwd><kwd>heart anatomy</kwd><kwd>heart vessels</kwd><kwd>cardiac veins</kwd><kwd>coronary sinus</kwd><kwd>myocardium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson R.H., Cook A.C., Spicer D.E., Hlavacek A.M., Backer C.L., Tretter J. Surgical anatomy of the coronary circulation. In: Wilcox's surgical anatomy of the heart, 2024:113-132. 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