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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kurskvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Человек и его здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humans and their health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5746</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-5754</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kursk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21626/vestnik/2022-2/07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kurskvest-1030</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональная и клиническая морфология пространств Вирхова-Робина: от первоисточника до новейших теорий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functional and clinical morphology of Virchow-Robin spaces: from the discovery up to the newest theories</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-8416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Должиков</surname><given-names>Александр Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolzhikov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека, НИУ БелГУ, г. Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, NRU BelSU, Belgorod, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolzhikov@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-6022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>Ol’ga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии, НИУ БелГУ, г. Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department Microbiology and Virology, NRU BelSU, Belgorod, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolzhikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-8946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Победа</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pobeda</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, НИУ БелГУ, г. Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Bioll.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, NRU BelSU, Belgorod, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pobeda@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9534-2959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Должикова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolzhikova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, НИУ БелГУ, г. Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, NRU BelSU, Belgorod, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolzhikova@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет (НИУ БелГУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University (NRU BelSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Должиков А.А., Шевченко О.А., Победа А.С., Должикова И.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Должиков А.А., Шевченко О.А., Победа А.С., Должикова И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolzhikov A.A., Shevchenko O.A., Pobeda A.S., Dolzhikova I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1030">https://www.kursk-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1030</self-uri><abstract><p>Морфология структур тока цереброспинальной жидкости в ЦНС является важной и сложной областью исследований и связана с проблемами транспорта метаболитов, в том числе патологических при нейродегенеративной патологии, например, при болезни Альцгеймера. Со времени первого описания в XIX веке Вирховым и Робином периваскулярных пространств установлена их роль в транспорте ликвора и внутримозговых метаболитов. На основе исследований XX века возникла современная теория внутримозгового ликворного транспорта метаболитов - теория глимфатической системы, создающая основу новых направлений лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний. В статье представлен обзор истории описания и изучения периваскулярных транспортных путей ЦНС, вопросы терминологии и клинические проблемы, такие как транспорт амилоида и его нарушения как механизма болезни Альцгеймера и глаукомы. Представлены собственные описательные данные о морфологии периваскулярных пространств (ПВП) головного мозга крыс в норме и при моделировании подобного глаукоме повышения внутриглазного давления. Структуры, соответствующие периваскулярным пространствам (ПВП) в их первоначальном описании, в головном мозге крыс находятся по ходу артерий и артериол. Они представлены промежутками между медией и адвентицией, в адвентиции и между адвентицией и внутренними пиальными волокнистыми слоями. На уровне капилляров они замыкаются. В венозном звене имеются только паравенулярные пространства между стенкой сосудов и глиальной пограничной мембраной. Подобные периартериальным лептоменингеальные структуры и пространства отсутствуют. При подобном глаукоме экспериментальном повышении внутриглазного давления периартериальные пространства реагируют расширением, и дополнительно к ним формируются межмиоцитарные пространства в медии. На основе теории глимфатической системы мы гипотизируем возможность управления внутримозговым клиренсом метаболитов и гидродинамической системой «глаз-зрительный нерв - головной мозг» влияниями на сосудистые механизмы периваскулярного транспорта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Morphology of cerebrospinal fluid flow structures in CNS is an important and complex area of research and is associated with the problems of metabolites transport, including pathological ones in neurodegenerative pathology, e.g., Alzheimer's disease. Since Virchow and Robin first described the perivascular spaces in the 19th century, their role in the transport of cerebrospinal fluid and intracerebral metabolites has been established. On the grounds of the 20th century studies, a modern theory of intracerebral liquor transport of metabolites, the glymphatic system theory, has emerged, creating the basis for new areas of treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The article presents an overview of the history of description and study of CNS perivascular transport pathways, terminology issues and clinical problems such as amyloid transport and its disruption as a mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma. We present our own descriptive data on the morphology of the perivascular spaces (PVS) of the rat brain in normal and simulated glaucoma-like increases in intraocular pressure. Structures corresponding to perivascular spaces (PVS) in their original description are present in the rat brain along arteries and arterioles. They are represented by intervals between the medium and adventitia, in the adventitia, and between the adventitia and the inner pial fibrous layers. At the level of capillaries they are closed. In the venous link there are only paravenular spaces between the vascular wall and glial boundary membrane. Periarterial-like leptomeningeal structures and spaces are absent. In glaucoma-like experimental increase in intraocular pressure, the periarterial spaces respond with expansion, and in addition to them, intermyocyte spaces are formed in the medium On the basis of glymphatic theory we propose the possibility of regulation of intracerebral metabolic transport and hydrodynamic system”eye - optic nerve -brain” via vascular mechanisms of perivascular transport.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>периваскулярные пространства</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>perivascular spaces</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фридман А.П. Основы ликворологии (учение о жидкости головного мозга). Изд. 5-е, перераб. и доп. Ленинград: Медицина, 1971. 328 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fridman A.P. 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